Isager J 1991 Pliny on Art and Society: The Elder Pliny’s Chapters on the History of Art (New York: Routledge) pp 256 |
Capus J M 1993 Metal Powders: A Global Survey of Production, Applications and Markets (Oxford: Elsevier Advanced Technology) pp 178 |
Noréus D 2000 Substitution of Rechargeable NiCd Batteries: A Background Document to Evaluate the Possibilities of Finding Alternatives to NiCd Batteries (Stockholm: Arrhenius Laboratory) |
Banhart J and Weaire D 2002 On the road again: metal foams find favor Phys. Today 5537-42 |
Klawitter J J and Weinstein A M 1974 The status of porous materials to obtain direct skeletal attachment by tissue ingrowth Acta Orthop. Belg. 40755-65 |
White E W, Weber J N, Roy D M, Owen E L, Chiroff R T and White R A 1975 Replamineform porous biomaterials for hard tissue implant applications J. Biomed. Mater. Res. 923-27 |
Homsy C A, Cain T E, Kessler F B, Anderson M S and King J W 1972 Porous implant systems for prosthesis stabilization Clin. Orthop. Relat. Res. 89220-35 |
Cestro H J Jr, Salyer K E and Toranto I R 1975 Bone growth into porous carbon, polyethylene, and polypropylene prostheses J. Biomed. Mater. Res. 91-7 |
Sauer B W, Weinstein A M, Klawitter J J, Hulbert S F, Leonard R B and Bagwell J G 1974 The role of porous polymeric materials in prosthesis attachment J. Biomed. Mater. Res. 8145-53 |
Klawitter J J, Bagwell J G, Weinstein A M, Sauer B W and Pruitt J R 1976 An evaluation of bone growth into porous high density polyethylene J. Biomed. Mater. Res. 10311-23 |
Spector M, Michno M J, Smarook W H and Kwiatkowski G T 1978 A high-modulus polymer for porous orthopedic implants: biomechanical compatibility of porous implants J. Biomed. Mater. Res. 12665-77 |
Lefebvre L P, Banhart J and Dunand D C 2008 Porous metals and metallic foams: current status and recent developments Adv. Eng. Mater. 10775-87 |
Ryan G, Pandit A and Apatsidis D P 2006 Fabrication methods of porous metals for use in orthopaedic applications Biomaterials 272651-70 |
Weber J N and White E W 1972 Carbon-metal graded composites for permanent osseous attachment of non-porous metals Mater. Res. Bull. 71005-16 |
Kröger H, Venesmaa P, Jurvelin J, Miettinen H, Suomalainen O and Alhava E 1998 Bone density at the proximal femur after total hip arthroplasty Clin. Orthop. Relat. Res. 35266-74 |
Krishna B V, Bose S and Bandyopadhyay A 2007 Low stiffness porous Ti structures for load-bearing implants Acta Biomater. 3997-1006 |
Becker B S and Bolton J D 1997 Corrosion behaviour and mechanical properties of functionally gradient materials developed for possible hard-tissue applications J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Med. 8793-7 |
Degischer H P and Kriszt B 2002 Handbook of Cellular Metals: Production, Processing, Applications (Weinheim: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA) |
Balla V K, Bodhak S, Bose S and Bandyopadhyay A 2010 Porous tantalum structures for bone implants: fabrication, mechanical and in vitro biological properties Acta Biomater. 63349-59 |
Aihara H, Zider J, Fanton G and Duerig T 2019 Combustion synthesis porous nitinol for biomedical applications Int. J. Biomater. 20194307461 |
Bandyopadhyay A, Shivaram A, Tarafder S, Sahasrabudhe H, Banerjee D and Bose S 2017 In vivo response of laser processed porous titanium implants for load-bearing implants Ann. Biomed. Eng. 45249-60 |
España F A, Balla V K, Bose S and Bandyopadhyay A 2010 Design and fabrication of CoCrMo alloy based novel structures for load bearing implants using laser engineered net shaping Mater. Sci. Eng. C 3050-57 |
Balla V K, Bose S and Bandyopadhyay A 2010 Understanding compressive deformation in porous titanium Phil. Mag. 903081-94 |
Bencharit S, Byrd W C, Altarawneh S, Hosseini B, Leong A, Reside G, Morelli T and Offenbacher S 2014 Development and applications of porous tantalum trabecular metal-enhanced titanium dental implants Clin. Implant Dent. Relat. Res. 16817-26 |
Ciliveri S and Bandyopadhyay A 2022 Influence of strut-size and cell-size variations on porous Ti6Al4V structures for load-bearing implants J. Mech. Behav. Biomed. Mater. 126105023 |
Ip S W, Wang S W and Toguri J M 1999 Aluminum foam stabilization by solid particles Can. Metall. Q. 3881-92 |
Kaptay G 2003 Interfacial criteria for stabilization of liquid foams by solid particles Colloids Surf. A 23067-80 |
Hur B Y, Park S H and Hiroshi A 2003 Viscosity and surface tension of Al and effects of additional element Mater. Sci. Forum 43951-56 |
Beals J T and Thompson M S 1997 Density gradient effects on aluminium foam compression behaviour J. Mater. Sci. 323595-600 |
Grenestedt J L 1998 Influence of imperfections on effective properties of cellular solids MRS Online Proc. Libr. 5213-13 |
Sanders W and Gibson L J 1998 Reduction in young’s modulus of aluminum foams due to cell wall curvature and corrugation MRS Online Proc. Libr. 52153-57 |
Sang H, Kenny L D and Jin I 1994 Process for producing shaped slabs of particle stabilized foamed metal U.S. Patent. No. 5,334,236A |
Surace R, De Filippis L A C, Niini E, Ludovico A D and Orkas J 2009 Morphological investigation of foamed aluminum parts produced by melt gas injection Adv. Mater. Sci. Eng. 2009506024 |
Kenny L D and Thomas M 1994 Process for shape casting of particle stabilized metal foam U.S. Patent. No. 5,281,251A |
Mahajan S M and Jadhav G A 2015 Aluminum foaming for lighter structure Int. J. Comput. Eng. Res. 570-74 |
Miyoshi T, Itoh M, Akiyama S and Kitahara A 2000 ALPORAS aluminum foam: production process, properties, and applications Adv. Eng. Mater. 2179-83 |
Körner C and Singer R F 2000 Processing of metal foams—challenges and opportunities Adv. Eng. Mater. 2159-65 |
Simone A E and Gibson L J 1998 Aluminum foams produced by liquid-state processes Acta Mater. 463109-23 |
Banhart J 2000 Manufacturing routes for metallic foams JOM 5222-27 |
Banhart J 2001 Manufacture, characterisation and application of cellular metals and metal foams Prog. Mater. Sci. 46559-632 |
Körner C and Singer R 1999 Numerical simulation of foam formation and evolution with modified cellular automata Proc. Metal Foams and Porous Metal Structures (Bremen: MIT) pp 91-96 |
Xue W C, Krishna B V, Bandyopadhyay A and Bose S 2007 Processing and biocompatibility evaluation of laser processed porous titanium Acta Biomater. 31007-18 |
Hahn H and Palich W 1970 Preliminary evaluation of porous metal surfaced titanium for orthopedic implants J. Biomed. Mater. Res. 4571-7 |
Yang Y Z, Tian J M, Tian J T, Chen Z Q, Deng X J and Zhang D H 2000 Preparation of graded porous titanium coatings on titanium implant materials by plasma spraying J. Biomed. Mater. Res. 52333-7 |
Thieme M, Wieters K P, Bergner F, Scharnweber D, Worch H, Ndop J, Kim T J and Grill W 2001 Titanium powder sintering for preparation of a porous functionally graded material destined for orthopaedic implants J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Med. 12225-31 |
Vu A A and Bose S 2020 Natural antibiotic oregano in hydroxyapatite-coated titanium reduces osteoclastic bone resorption for orthopedic and dental applications ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 1252383-92 |
Vu A A, Robertson S F, Ke D X, Bandyopadhyay A and Bose S 2019 Mechanical and biological properties of ZnO, SiO2, and Ag2O doped plasma sprayed hydroxyapatite coating for orthopaedic and dental applications Acta Biomater. 92325-35 |
Goodman S B and Gallo J 2019 Periprosthetic osteolysis: mechanisms, prevention and treatment J. Clin. Med. 82091 |
Albrektsson T, Brånemark P I, Hansson H A and Lindström J 1981 Osseointegrated titanium implants: requirements for ensuring a long-lasting, direct bone-to-implant anchorage in man Acta Orthop. Scand. 52155-70 |
Camron H U, Pilliar R M and Macnab I 1976 The rate of bone ingrowth into porous metal J. Biomed. Mater. Res. 10295-302 |
Oh I H, Nomura N, Masahashi N and Hanada S 2003 Mechanical properties of porous titanium compacts prepared by powder sintering Scr. Mater. 491197-202 |
Durmus F C and Jordá J M M 2021 Silver foams with hierarchical porous structures: from manufacturing to antibacterial activity ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 1335865-77 |
Galante J and Rostoker W 1973 Fiber metal composites in the fixation of skeletal prosthesis J. Biomed. Mater. Res. 743-61 |
Rønningen H, Solhelm L F and Langeland N 1984 Invasion of bone into porous fiber metal implants in cats Acta Orthop. Scand. 55352-8 |
Weiss M B 1986 Titanium fiber-mesh metal implant J. Oral Implantol. 12498-507 |
Hoshijima K, Yamamoto H and Yamashita H 1988 Experimental studies of titanium fiber metal implant for spine fusion Nippon Seikeigeka Gakkai Zasshi 62399-413 |
Martell J M, Pierson I I I R H, Jacobs J J, Rosenberg A G, Maley M and Galante J O 1993 Primary total hip reconstruction with a titanium fiber-coated prosthesis inserted without cement J. Bone Joint Surg. 75554-71 |
Niu W J, Bai C G, Qiu G B, Wang Q, Wen L Y, Chen D F and Dong L Y 2009 Preparation and characterization of porous titanium using space-holder technique Rare Met. 28338-42 |
Kotan G and Bor A S, 2007 Production and characterization of high porosity Ti-6Al-4V foam by space holder technique in powder metallurgy Turk. J. Eng. Environ. Sci. 31149-56 |
Jha N, Mondal D P, Majumdar J D, Badkul A, Jha A K and Khare A K 2013 Highly porous open cell Ti-foam using NaCl as temporary space holder through powder metallurgy route Mater. Des. 47810-9 |
Wen C E, Yamada Y, Shimojima K, Chino Y, Asahina T and Mabuchi M 2002 Processing and mechanical properties of autogenous titanium implant materials J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Med. 13397-401 |
Guillon O, Gonzalez-Julian J, Dargatz B, Kessel T, Schierning G, Räthel J and Herrmann M 2014 Field-assisted sintering technology/spark plasma sintering: mechanisms, materials, and technology developments Adv. Eng. Mater. 16830-49 |
Suárez M, Fernández A, Menéndez J L, Torrecillas R, Kessel H U, Hennicke J, Kirchner R and Kessel T 2013 Challenges and opportunities for spark plasma sintering: a key technology for a new generation of materials Sintering Applications ed B Ertug (Rijeka: IntechOpen) (https://doi.org/10.5772/53706) |
Chen W, Anselmi-Tamburini U, Garay J E, Groza J R and Munir Z A 2005 Fundamental investigations on the spark plasma sintering/synthesis process: I Effect of dc pulsing on reactivity Mater. Sci. Eng. A 394132-8 |
Zhang L, Zhang Y Q, Jiang Y H and Zhou R 2015 Mechanical behaviors of porous Ti with high porosity and large pore size prepared by one-step spark plasma sintering technique Vacuum 122187-94 |
Quan Y J, Zhang F M, Rebl H, Nebe B, Keßler O and Burkel E 2013 Ti6Al4V foams fabricated by spark plasma sintering with post-heat treatment Mater. Sci. Eng. A 565118-25 |
Li J P, Li S H, de Groot K and Layrolle P 2001 Preparation and characterization of porous titanium Key Eng. Mater. 218-22051-54 |
Li J P, Li S H, de Groot K and Layrolle P 2003 Improvement of porous titanium with thicker struts Key Eng. Mater. 240-242547-50 |
Dunand D C 2004 Processing of titanium foams Adv. Eng. Mater. 6369-76 |
Stojanovic B D, Dzunuzovic A S and Ilic N I 2018 Review of methods for the preparation of magnetic metal oxides Magnetic, Ferroelectric, and Multiferroic Metal Oxides ed B D Stojanovic (Amsterdam: Elsevier) pp 333-59 |
Sachhidananda S, Sarojini B K, Nithin K S, Shilpa K N, Raj B M J, Muthappa K A, Siddaramaiah H and Nisha A S A 2021 Metal oxide nanofillers introduced polymer-based composites with advanced optical, optoelectronic, and electrical energy storage functionalities Polymer-Based Advanced Functional Composites for Optoelectronic and Energy Applications ed N K Subramani, H Siddaramaiah and J H Lee (Amsterdam: Elsevier) pp 51-89 |
Mukasyan A S and Manukyan K V 2019 One- and two-dimensional nanostructures prepared by combustion synthesis Nanomaterials Synthesis: Design, Fabrication and Applications ed Y B Pottathara, S Thomas, N Kalarikkal, Y Grohens and V Kokol (Amsterdam: Elsevier) pp 85-120 |
Munir Z A and Anselmi-Tamburini U 1989 Self-propagating exothermic reactions: the synthesis of high-temperature materials by combustion Mater. Sci. Rep. 3279-365 |
Yi H C and Moore J J 1989 Combustion synthesis of TiNi intermetallic compounds J. Mater. Sci. 243449-55 |
Zhang X, Ayers R A, Thorne K, Moore J J and Schowengerdt F 2001 Combustion synthesis of porous materials for bone replacement Biomed. Sci. Instrum. 37463-8 |
Yeh C L and Sung W Y 2004 Synthesis of NiTi intermetallics by self-propagating combustion J. Alloys Compd. 37679-88 |
Li Y H, Rong L J and Li Y Y 2001 Pore characteristics of porous NiTi alloy fabricated by combustion synthesis J. Alloys Compd. 325259-62 |
Adell R, Hansson B O, Brånemark P I and Breine U 1970 Intra-osseous anchorage of dental prostheses Scand. J. Plast. Reconstr. Surg. 419-34 |
Bobyn J D, Stackpool G J, Hacking S A, Tanzer M and Krygier J J 1999 Characteristics of bone ingrowth and interface mechanics of a new porous tantalum biomaterial J. Bone Joint Surg. 81-B 907-14 |
Gibson L J and Ashby M F 1997 Cellular Solids: Structure and Properties 2nd edn (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press) |
Zardiackas L D, Parsell D E, Dillon L D, Mitchell D W, Nunnery L A and Poggie R 2001 Structure, metallurgy, and mechanical properties of a porous tantalum foam J. Biomed. Mater. Res. 58180-7 |
Li X, Wang L, Yu X M, Feng Y F, Wang C T, Yang K and Su D 2013 Tantalum coating on porous Ti6Al4V scaffold using chemical vapor deposition and preliminary biological evaluation Mater. Sci. Eng. C 332987-94 |
Melican M C, Zimmerman M C, Dhillon M S, Ponnambalam A R, Curodeau A and Parsons J R 2001 Three-dimensional printing and porous metallic surfaces: a new orthopedic application J. Biomed. Mater. Res. 55194-202 |
Curodeau A, Sachs E and Caldarise S 2000 Design and fabrication of cast orthopedic implants with freeform surface textures from 3D printed ceramic shell J. Biomed. Mater. Res. 53525-35 |
Bandyopadhyay A, Bose S and Das S 20153D printing of biomaterials MRS Bull. 40108-15 |
Bose S, Vahabzadeh S and Bandyopadhyay A 2013 Bone tissue engineering using 3D printing Mater. Today 16496-504 |
Lin T, Wang X T, Jin L P, Li W Y, Zhang Y X, Wang A Y, Peng J and Shao H P 2021 Manufacturing of porous magnesium scaffolds for bone tissue engineering by 3D gel-printing Mater. Des. 209109948 |
Bose S, Roy M and Bandyopadhyay A 2012 Recent advances in bone tissue engineering scaffolds Trends Biotechnol. 30546-54 |
Zhuang H Y, Han Y and Feng A L 2008 Preparation, mechanical properties and in vitro biodegradation of porous magnesium scaffolds Mater. Sci. Eng. C 281462-6 |
Loughborough University 2021 About additive manufacturing (available at: www.lboro.ac.uk/research/amrg/about/the7categoriesofadditivemanufacturing/) |
Krishna B V, Xue W C, Bose S and Bandyopadhyay A 2008 Engineered porous metals for implants JOM 6045-48 |
Mullen L, Stamp R C, Brooks W K, Jones E and Sutcliffe C J 2009 Selective Laser Melting: a regular unit cell approach for the manufacture of porous, titanium, bone in-growth constructs, suitable for orthopedic applications J. Biomed. Mater. Res. B 89B 325-34 |
Parthasarathy J, Starly B, Raman S and Christensen A 2010 Mechanical evaluation of porous titanium (Ti6Al4V) structures with electron beam melting (EBM) J. Mech. Behav. Biomed. Mater. 3249-59 |
Seagle S R, Martin R L and Bertea O 1962 Electron-beam melting JOM 14812-20 |
Murr L E, Gaytan S M, Martinez E, Medina F and Wicker R B 2012 Next generation orthopaedic implants by additive manufacturing using electron beam melting Int. J. Biomater. 2012245727 |
Sallica-Leva E, Jardini A L and Fogagnolo J B 2013 Microstructure and mechanical behavior of porous Ti-6Al-4V parts obtained by selective laser melting J. Mech. Behav. Biomed. Mater. 2698-108 |
Hrabe N W, Heinl P, Flinn B, Körner C and Bordia R K 2011 Compression-compression fatigue of selective electron beam melted cellular titanium (Ti-6Al-4V) J. Biomed. Mater. Res. B 99B 313-20 |
Benedyk J C 2018 ARTICLE: additive manufacturing of aluminum alloys (available at: www.lightmetalage.com/news/industry-news/3d-printing/article-additivemanufacturing-of-aluminum-alloys/) |
Singh R, Singh S and Hashmi M S J 2016 Implant materials and their processing technologies Reference Module in Materials Science and Materials Engineering (Amsterdam: Elsevier) (https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-803581-8.04156-4) |
Kobryn P A and Semiatin S L 2001 Mechanical properties of laser-deposited Ti-6Al-4V 2001 Int. Solid Freeform Fabrication Symp. (Austin, TX) (https://doi.org/10.26153/tsw/3261) |
Bandyopadhyay A, Krishna B V, Xue W C and Bose S 2009 Application of laser engineered net shaping (LENS) to manufacture porous and functionally graded structures for load bearing implants J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Med. 2029-34 |
Ducheyne P 1983 In vitro corrosion study of porous metal fibre coatings for bone ingrowth Biomaterials 4185-91 |
Ducheyne P and Martens M 1986 Orderly oriented wire meshes as porous coatings on orthopaedic implants I: morphology Clin. Mater. 159-67 |
Ducheyne P and Martens M 1986 Orderly oriented wire meshes as porous coatings on orthopaedic implants II: the pore size, interfacial bonding and microstructure after pressure sintering of titanium OOWM Clin. Mater. 191-98 |
Markaki A E and Clyne T W 2004 Magneto-mechanical stimulation of bone growth in a bonded array of ferromagnetic fibres Biomaterials 254805-15 |
Paulus J A, Parida G R, Tucker R D and Park J B 1997 Corrosion analysis of NiCu and PdCo thermal seed alloys used as interstitial hyperthermia implants Biomaterials 181609-14 |
Vrijhoef M M A, Mezger P R, Van der Zel J M and Greener E H 1987 Corrosion of ferromagnetic alloys used for magnetic retention of overdentures J. Dent. Res. 661456-9 |
Sivakumar M, Mudali U K and Rajeswari S 1993 Compatibility of ferritic and duplex stainless steels as implant materials: in vitro corrosion performance J. Mater.Sci. 286081-6 |
Bobyn J D, Cameron H U, Abdulla D, Pilliar R M and Weatherly G C 1982 Biologic fixation and bone modeling with an unconstrained canine total knee prosthesis Clin. Orthop. Relat. Res. 166301-12 |
Martens M, Ducheyne P, De Meester P and Mulier J C 1980 Skeletal fixation of implants by bone ingrowth into surface pores Arch. Orthop. Trauma Surg. 97111-6 |
Bobyn J D, Pilliar R M, Cameron H U and Weatherly G C 1980 The optimum pore size for the fixation of porous-surfaced metal implants by the ingrowth of bone Clin. Orthop. Relat. Res. 150263-70 |
Itälä A I, Ylänen H O, Ekholm C, Karlsson K H and Aro H T 2001 Pore diameter of more than 100µm is not requisite for bone ingrowth in rabbits J. Biomed. Mater. Res. 58679-83 |
Bandyopadhyay A, Mitra I, Shivaram A, Dasgupta N and Bose S 2019 Direct comparison of additively manufactured porous titanium and tantalum implants towards in vivo osseointegration Addit. Manuf. 28259-66 |
Bandyopadhyay A, Shivaram A, Mitra I and Bose S 2019 Electrically polarized TiO2 nanotubes on Ti implants to enhance early-stage osseointegration Acta Biomater. 96686-93 |
Mitra I, Bose S, Dernell W S, Dasgupta N, Eckstrand C, Herrick J, Yaszemski M J, Goodman S B and Bandyopadhyay A 20213D Printing in alloy design to improve biocompatibility in metallic implants Mater. Today 4520-34 |
Bandyopadhyay A, Ghosh S, Boccaccini A R and Bose S 20213D printing of biomedical materials and devices J. Mater. Res. 363713-24 |
Bandyopadhyay A, Ciliveri S and Bose S 2022 Metal additive manufacturing for load-bearing implants J. Indian Inst. Sci. 102561-84 |
Rho J Y, Kuhn-Spearing L and Zioupos P 1998 Mechanical properties and the hierarchical structure of bone Med. Eng. Phys. 2092-102 |
Poumarat G and Squire P 1993 Comparison of mechanical properties of human, bovine bone and a new processed bone xenograft Biomaterials 14337-40 |
Rho J Y, Roy M E, Tsui T Y and Pharr G M 1999 Elastic properties of microstructural components of human bone tissue as measured by nanoindentation J. Biomed. Mater. Res. 4548-54 |
Turner C H, Wang T and Burr D B 2001 Shear strength and fatigue properties of human cortical bone determined from pure shear tests Calcif. Tissue Int. 69373-8 |
Smith R L and Sandly G E 1922 An accurate method of determining the hardness of metals, with particular reference to those of a high degree of hardness Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. 102623-41 |
Avila J D, Bose S and Bandyopadhyay A 2018 Additive manufacturing of titanium and titanium alloys for biomedical applications Titanium in Medical and Dental Applications ed F H Froes and M Qian (Sawston: Woodhead Publishing) pp 325-43 |
Singh R, Kurella A and Dahotre N B 2006 Laser surface modification of Ti-6Al-4V: wear and corrosion characterization in simulated biofluid J. Biomater. Appl. 2149-73 |
Yerramareddy S and Bahadur S 1992 The effect of laser surface treatments on the tribological behavior of Ti-6Al-4V Wear 157245-62 |
Biswas A, Li L, Maity T K, Chatterjee U, Mordike B L, Manna I and Majumdar J D 2007 Laser surface treatment of Ti-6Al-4V for bio-implant application Lasers Eng. 1759-73 |
Jamshidinia M, Atabaki M M, Zahiri M, Kelly S, Sadek A and Kovacevic R 2015 Microstructural modification of Ti-6Al-4V by using an in-situ printed heat sink in electron beam melting® (EBM) J. Mater. Process. Technol. 226264-71 |
Rao X, Chu C L and Zheng Y Y 2014 Phase composition, microstructure, and mechanical properties of porous Ti-Nb-Zr alloys prepared by a two-step foaming powder metallurgy method J. Mech. Behav. Biomed. Mater. 3427-36 |
Bandyopadhyay A, Espana F, Balla V K, Bose S, Ohgami Y and Davies N M 2010 Influence of porosity on mechanical properties and in vivo response of Ti6Al4V implants Acta Biomater. 61640-8 |
Li Y H, Rong L J and Li Y Y 2002 Compressive property of porous NiTi alloy synthesized by combustion synthesis J. Alloys Compd. 345271-4 |
Nomura N, Kohama T, Oh I H, Hanada S, Chiba A, Kanehira M and Sasaki K 2005 Mechanical properties of porous Ti-15Mo-5Zr-3Al compacts prepared by powder sintering Mater. Sci. Eng. C 25330-5 |
Wen C E, Mabuchi M, Yamada Y, Shimojima K, Chino Y and Asahina T 2001 Processing of biocompatible porous Ti and Mg Scr. Mater. 451147-53 |
Wang X J, Li Y C, Xiong J Y, Hodgson P D and Wen C E 2009 Porous TiNbZr alloy scaffolds for biomedical applications Acta Biomater. 53616-24 |
Bandyopadhyay A, Mitra I, Goodman S B, Kumar M and Bose S 2023 Improving biocompatibility for next generation of metallic implants Prog. Mater. Sci. 133101053 |
Roy S, Khutia N, Das D, Das M, Balla V K, Bandyopadhyay A and Chowdhury A R 2016 Understanding compressive deformation behavior of porous Ti using finite element analysis Mater. Sci. Eng. C 64436-43 |
Bansiddhi A, Sargeant T D, Stupp S I and Dunand D C 2008 Porous NiTi for bone implants: a review Acta Biomater. 4773-82 |
Chu C L, Chung C Y, Lin P H and Wang S D 2004 Fabrication of porous NiTi shape memory alloy for hard tissue implants by combustion synthesis Mater. Sci. Eng. A 366114-9 |
Greiner C, Oppenheimer S M and Dunand D C 2005 High strength, low stiffness, porous NiTi with superelastic properties Acta Biomater. 1705-16 |
Krishna B V, Bose S and Bandyopadhyay A 2009 Fabrication of porous NiTi shape memory alloy structures using laser engineered net shaping J. Biomed. Mater. Res. B 89B 481-90 |
Zhu S L, Yang X J, Fu D H, Zhang L Y, Li C Y and Cui Z D 2005 Stress-strain behavior of porous NiTi alloys prepared by powders sintering Mater. Sci. Eng. A 408264-8 |
Lee D G, Lee Y H, Lee S, Lee C S and Hur S M 2004 Dynamic deformation behavior and ballistic impact properties of Ti-6Al-4V alloy having equiaxed and bimodal microstructures Metall. Mater. Trans. A 353103-12 |
da Silva M G and Ramesh K T 1997 The rate-dependent deformation and localization of fully dense and porous Ti-6Al-4V Mater. Sci. Eng. A 23211-22 |
Balla V K, Martinez S, Rogoza B T, Livingston C, Venkateswaran D, Bose S and Bandyopadhyay A 2011 Quasi-static torsional deformation behavior of porous Ti6Al4V alloy Mater. Sci. Eng. C 31945-9 |
Guden M, Celik E, Akar E and Cetiner S 2005 Compression testing of a sintered Ti6Al4V powder compact for biomedical applications Mater. Charact. 54399-408 |
Biswas N, Ding J L, Balla V K, Field D P and Bandyopadhyay A 2012 Deformation and fracture behavior of laser processed dense and porous Ti6Al4V alloy under static and dynamic loading Mater. Sci. Eng. A 549213-21 |
Tuncer N and Arslan G 2009 Designing compressive properties of titanium foams J. Mater. Sci. 441477-84 |
Biswas N and Ding J L 2015 Numerical study of the deformation and fracture behavior of porous Ti6Al4V alloy under static and dynamic loading Int. J. Impact Eng. 8289-102 |
Verleysen P and Peirs J 2017 Quasi-static and high strain rate fracture behaviour of Ti6Al4V Int. J. Impact Eng. 108370-88 |
Yavari S A, Wauthle R, van der Stok J, Riemslag A C, Janssen M, Mulier M, Kruth J P, Schrooten J, Weinans H and Zadpoor A A 2013 Fatigue behavior of porous biomaterials manufactured using selective laser melting Mater. Sci. Eng. C 334849-58 |
Sterling A J, Torries B, Shamsaei N, Thompson S M and Seely D W 2016 Fatigue behavior and failure mechanisms of direct laser deposited Ti-6Al-4V Mater. Sci. Eng. A 655100-12 |
Bernard S, Balla V K, Bose S and Bandyopadhyay A 2011 Rotating bending fatigue response of laser processed porous NiTi alloy Mater. Sci. Eng. C 31815-20 |
Liu Y J, Li S J, Zhang L C, Hao Y L and Sercombe T B 2018 Early plastic deformation behaviour and energy absorption in porous β-type biomedical titanium produced by selective laser melting Scr. Mater. 15399-103 |
Liu Y J, Wang H L, Li S J, Wang S G, Wang W J, Hou W T, Hao Y L, Yang R and Zhang L C 2017 Compressive and fatigue behavior of beta-type titanium porous structures fabricated by electron beam melting Acta Mater. 12658-66 |
Afrouzian A, Avila J D and Bandyopadhyay A 2021 Biotribocorrosion of 3D-printed silica-coated Ti6Al4V for load-bearing implants J. Mater. Res. 363974-84 |
Avila J D, Alrawahi Z, Bose S and Bandyopadhyay A 2020 Additively Manufactured Ti6Al4V-Si-Hydroxyapatite composites for articulating surfaces of load-bearing implants Addit. Manuf. 34101241 |
Magar H S, Hassan R Y A and Mulchandani A 2021 Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS): principles, construction, and biosensing applications Sensors 216578 |
Bandyopadhyay A, Avila J D, Mitra I and Bose S 2022 Additive manufacturing of cobalt-chromium alloy biomedical devices Additive Manufacturing in Biomedical Applications ed E J Narayan (Russell Township, OH: ASM International) pp 176-91 |
Lutz J, Díaz C, García J A, Blawert C and Mändl S 2011 Corrosion behaviour of medical CoCr alloy after nitrogen plasma immersion ion implantation Surf. Coat. Technol. 2053043-9 |
Lab S L 2015 Toxicity (available at: www.sciencelearn.org.nz/resources/1540-toxicity) |
Department of Health 2013 What you know can help you—an introduction to toxic substances (available at: www.health.ny.gov/environmental/chemicals/toxic-substances.htm) |
Jaishankar M, Tseten T, Anbalagan N, Mathew B B and Beeregowda K N 2014 Toxicity, mechanism and health effects of some heavy metals Interdiscip. Toxicol. 760-72 |
Plum L M, Rink L and Haase H 2010 The essential toxin: impact of zinc on human health Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 71342-65 |
Egorova K S and Ananikov V P 2017 Toxicity of metal compounds: knowledge and myths Organometallics 364071-90 |
Little N, Rogers B and Flannery M 2011 Bone formation, remodelling and healing Surgery 29141-5 |
O’Brien F J 2011 Biomaterials & scaffolds for tissue engineering Mater. Today 1488-95 |
Terrier C S P and Gasque P 2017 Bone responses in health and infectious diseases: a focus on osteoblasts J. Infect. 75281-92 |
Bundy K J 2008 Biomaterials and the chemical environment of the body Joint Replacement Technology ed P A Revell (Amsterdam: Elsevier) pp 56-80 |
Armas L A G, Lappe J M and Heaney R P 2010 Calcium, bone strength and fractures Osteoporosis in Men: The Effects of Gender on Skeletal Health 2nd edn ed E S Orwoll, J P Bilezikian and D Vanderschueren (Amsterdam: Elsevier) pp 235-41 |
Ataee A, Li Y C, Fraser D, Song G S and Wen C E 2018 Anisotropic Ti-6Al-4V gyroid scaffolds manufactured by electron beam melting (EBM) for bone implant applications Mater. Des. 137345-54 |
Moravej M and Mantovani D 2011 Biodegradable metals for cardiovascular stent application: interests and new opportunities Int. J. Mol. Sci. 124250-70 |
Karageorgiou V and Kaplan D 2005 Porosity of 3D biomaterial scaffolds and osteogenesis Biomaterials 265474-91 |
Keaveny T M, Morgan E F, Niebur G L and Yeh O C 2001 Biomechanics of trabecular bone Annu. Rev. Biomed. Eng. 3307-33 |
Renders G A P, Mulder L, Van Ruijven L J and Van Eijden T M G J 2007 Porosity of human mandibular condylar bone J. Anat. 210239-48 |
Liu Y, Rath B, Tingart M and Eschweiler J 2020 Role of implants surface modification in osseointegration: a systematic review J. Biomed. Mater. Res. A 108470-84 |
Wieding J, Lindner T, Bergschmidt P and Bader R 2015 Biomechanical stability of novel mechanically adapted open-porous titanium scaffolds in metatarsal bone defects of sheep Biomaterials 4635-47 |
Wieding J, Jonitz A and Bader R 2012 The effect of structural design on mechanical properties and cellular response of additive manufactured titanium scaffolds Materials 51336-47 |
Vahidgolpayegani A, Wen C, Hodgson P and Li Y 2017 Production methods and characterization of porous Mg and Mg alloys for biomedical applications Metallic Foam Bone: Processing, Modification and Characterization and Properties ed C E Wen (Amsterdam: Elsevier) pp 25-82 |
Torres-Sanchez C, Al Mushref F R A, Norrito M, Yendall K, Liu Y and Conway P P 2017 The effect of pore size and porosity on mechanical properties and biological response of porous titanium scaffolds Mater. Sci. Eng. C 77219-28 |
Rengier F, Mehndiratta A, von Tengg-kobligk H, Zechmann C M, Unterhinninghofen R, Kauczor H U and Giesel F L 20103D printing based on imaging data: review of medical applications Int. J. Comput. Assist. Radiol. Surg. 5335-41 |
Lan Q, Chen A L, Zhang T, Li G W, Zhu Q, Fan X M, Ma C and Xu T 2016 Development of three-dimensional printed craniocerebral models for simulated neurosurgery World Neurosurg. 91434-42 |
Bak D 2003 Rapid prototyping or rapid production? 3D printing processes move industry towards the latter Assem. Autom. 23340-5 |
Kulkarni P, Marsan A and Dutta D 2000 A review of process planning techniques in layered manufacturing. Rapid Prototyp. J. 618-35 |
Fan H B, Fu J, Li X D, Pei Y J, Li X K, Pei G X and Guo Z 2015 Implantation of customized 3D printed titanium prosthesis in limb salvage surgery: a case series and review of the literature World J. Surg. Oncol. 13308 |
Donate R, Monzón M and Alemán-Domínguez M E 2020 Additive manufacturing of PLA-based scaffolds intended for bone regeneration and strategies to improve their biological properties e-Polymers 20571-99 |
Hrabe N W, Heinl P, Bordia R K, Körner C and Fernandes R J 2013 Maintenance of a bone collagen phenotype by osteoblast-like cells in 3D periodic porous titanium (Ti-6Al-4V) structures fabricated by selective electron beam melting Connect. Tissue Res. 54351-60 |
Tamimi F, Torres J, Al-Abedalla K, Lopez-Cabarcos E, Alkhraisat M H, Bassett D C, Gbureck U and Barralet J E 2014 Osseointegration of dental implants in 3D-printed synthetic onlay grafts customized according to bone metabolic activity in recipient site Biomaterials 355436-45 |
Kumar A, Nune K C, Murr L E and Misra R D K 2016 Biocompatibility and mechanical behaviour of three-dimensional scaffolds for biomedical devices: process-structure-property paradigm Int. Mater. Rev. 6120-45 |
Ide Y, Nayar S, Logan H, Gallagher B and Wolfaardt J 2017 The effect of the angle of acuteness of additive manufactured models and the direction of printing on the dimensional fidelity: clinical implications Odontology 105108-15 |
Lin W S, Starr T L, Harris B T, Zandinejad A and Morton D 2013 Additive manufacturing technology (direct metal laser sintering) as a novel approach to fabricate functionally graded titanium implants: preliminary investigation of fabrication parameters Int. J. Oral Maxillofac. Implants 281490-5 |
Ouyang P R, Dong H, He X J, Cai X, Wang Y B, Li J L, Li H P and Jin Z M 2019 Hydromechanical mechanism behind the effect of pore size of porous titanium scaffolds on osteoblast response and bone ingrowth Mater. Des. 183108151 |
Shah F A, Snis A, Matic A, Thomsen P and Palmquist A 20163D printed Ti6Al4V implant surface promotes bone maturation and retains a higher density of less aged osteocytes at the bone-implant interface Acta Biomater. 30357-67 |
Wauthle R, van der Stok J, Yavari S A, Van Humbeeck J, Kruth J P, Zadpoor A A, Weinans H, Mulier M and Schrooten J 2015 Additively manufactured porous tantalum implants Acta Biomater. 14217-25 |
Regis M, Marin E, Fedrizzi L and Pressacco M 2015 Additive manufacturing of trabecular titanium orthopedic implants MRS Bull. 40137-44 |
Chang B, Song W, Han T X, Yan J, Li F P, Zhao L Z, Kou H C and Zhang Y M 2016 Influence of pore size of porous titanium fabricated by vacuum diffusion bonding of titanium meshes on cell penetration and bone ingrowth Acta Biomater. 33311-21 |
Matena J, Petersen S, Gieseke M, Kampmann A, Teske M, Beyerbach M, Escobar H M, Haferkamp H, Gellrich N C and Nolte I 2015 SLM produced porous titanium implant improvements for enhanced vascularization and osteoblast seeding Int. J. Mol. Sci. 167478-92 |
Van Cleynenbreugel T, Schrooten J, Van Oosterwyck H and Vander Sloten J 2006 Micro-CT-based screening of biomechanical and structural properties of bone tissue engineering scaffolds Med. Biol. Eng. Comput. 44517-25 |
Cheng A, Humayun A, Cohen D J, Boyan B D and Schwartz Z 2014 Additively manufactured 3D porous Ti-6Al-4V constructs mimic trabecular bone structure and regulate osteoblast proliferation, differentiation and local factor production in a porosity and surface roughness dependent manner Biofabrication 6045007 |
Van der Stok J et al 2013 Selective laser melting-produced porous titanium scaffolds regenerate bone in critical size cortical bone defects J. Orthop. Res. 31792-9 |
Wang H, Su K X, Su L Z, Liang P P, Ji P and Wang C 2019 Comparison of 3D-printed porous tantalum and titanium scaffolds on osteointegration and osteogenesis Mater. Sci. Eng. C 104109908 |
Markhoff J, Wieding J, Weissmann V, Pasold J, Jonitz-Heincke A and Bader R 2015 Influence of different three-dimensional open porous titanium scaffold designs on human osteoblasts behavior in static and dynamic cell investigations Materials 85490-507 |
Prananingrum W, Naito Y, Galli S, Bae J, Sekine K, Hamada K, Tomotake Y, Wennerberg A, Jimbo R and Ichikawa T 2016 Bone ingrowth of various porous titanium scaffolds produced by a moldless and space holder technique: an in vivo study in rabbits Biomed. Mater. 11015012 |
Loh Q L and Choong C 2013 Three-dimensional scaffolds for tissue engineering applications: role of porosity and pore size Tissue Eng. B 19485-502 |
Li J P, Habibovic P, van den Doel M, Wilson C E, de Wijn J R, van Blitterswijk C A and de Groot K 2007 Bone ingrowth in porous titanium implants produced by 3D fiber deposition Biomaterials 282810-20 |
Biemond J E, Aquarius R, Verdonschot N and Buma P 2011 Frictional and bone ingrowth properties of engineered surface topographies produced by electron beam technology Arch. Orthop. Trauma Surg. 131711-8 |
Otsuki B, Takemoto M, Fujibayashi S, Neo M, Kokubo T and Nakamura T 2006 Pore throat size and connectivity determine bone and tissue ingrowth into porous implants: three-dimensional micro-CT based structural analyses of porous bioactive titanium implants Biomaterials 275892-900 |
Rumpler M, Woesz A, Dunlop J W C, Van Dongen J T and Fratzl P 2008 The effect of geometry on three-dimensional tissue growth J. R. Soc. Interface 51173-80 |
Marin E, Fusi S, Pressacco M, Paussa L and Fedrizzi L 2010 Characterization of cellular solids in Ti6Al4V for orthopaedic implant applications: trabecular titanium J. Mech. Behav. Biomed. Mater. 3373-81 |
Van Bael S, Chai Y C, Truscello S, Moesen M, Kerckhofs G, Van Oosterwyck H, Kruth J P and Schrooten J 2012 The effect of pore geometry on the in vitro biological behavior of human periosteum-derived cells seeded on selective laser-melted Ti6Al4V bone scaffolds Acta Biomater. 82824-34 |
Smith J O, Sengers B G, Aarvold A, Tayton E R, Dunlop D G and Oreffo R O C 2014 Tantalum trabecular metal—addition of human skeletal cells to enhance bone implant interface strength and clinical application J. Tissue Eng. Regen. Med. 8304-13 |
Wang Q, Zhang H, Gan H Q, Wang H, Li Q J and Wang Z Q 2018 Application of combined porous tantalum scaffolds loaded with bone morphogenetic protein 7 to repair of osteochondral defect in rabbits Int. Orthop. 421437-48 |
Vanderleyden E, Van Bael S, Chai Y C, Kruth J P, Schrooten J and Dubruel P 2014 Gelatin functionalised porous titanium alloy implants for orthopaedic applications Mater. Sci. Eng. C 42396-404 |
Wang H, Li Q J, Wang Q, Zhang H, Shi W, Gan H Q, Song H P and Wang Z Q 2017 Enhanced repair of segmental bone defects in rabbit radius by porous tantalum scaffolds modified with the RGD peptide J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Med. 2850 |
Ortiz-Hernandez M et al 2018 Two different strategies to enhance osseointegration in porous titanium: inorganic thermo-chemical treatment versus organic coating by peptide adsorption Int. J. Mol. Sci. 192574 |
Liu H, Li W, Liu C, Tan J, Wang H, Hai B, Cai H, Leng H J, Liu Z J and Song C L 2016 Incorporating simvastatin/poloxamer 407 hydrogel into 3D-printed porous Ti6Al4V scaffolds for the promotion of angiogenesis, osseointegration and bone ingrowth Biofabrication 8045012 |
Nazarian A, Stauber M and Müller R 2005 Design and implementation of a novel mechanical testing system for cellular solids J. Biomed. Mater. Res. B 73B 400-11 |
Bose S, Robertson S F and Bandyopadhyay A 2018 Surface modification of biomaterials and biomedical devices using additive manufacturing Acta Biomater. 666-22 |
Zhang L, Song B, Choi S K and Shi Y S 2021 A topology strategy to reduce stress shielding of additively manufactured porous metallic biomaterials Int. J. Mech. Sci. 197106331 |
Tan C L, Deng C, Li S, Abena A, Jamshidi P, Essa K, Wu L K, Xu G H, Attallah M M and Liu J 2022 Mechanical property and biological behaviour of additive manufactured TiNi functionally graded lattice structure Int. J. Extrem. Manuf. 4045003 |